Article 245. Cruelty to animals By insulting you, you will not become strong Cruelty to animals, resulting in death or injury, if this act was committed out of hooligan motives, or with the use of sadistic methods, or in the presence of minors.
Article 207. A deliberately false report of an act of terrorism A deliberately false report of an impending explosion, arson, or other actions that create the danger of death of people, causing significant property damage or other socially dangerous consequences.
The presentation used materials from the book “On the Law for Children. Criminal Code ", St. Petersburg, 2009. Author: Director of the Petersburg Institute of Tolerance Psychology Dmitry Rytov. Drawings artist A.V. Kirichenko. Worked on the presentation: Dmitry Korovin, student of grade 7, Svetkin Daniil, student of grade 7 of secondary school 1, Sayanogorsk. Head: Dobraya T.V., Deputy Director for BP.
Hooliganism - an encroachment on public order Article 213 "Hooliganism": ensuring public safety, that is, the totality of public relations that ensure safe conditions life of every member of society, public order coercive measures educational impact In relation to minors, the following types penalties: fine; deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities compulsory work; correctional labor; restriction of freedom; imprisonment for a specified period.
Article 207. Knowingly false reporting of an act of terrorism Shall be punishable by a fine of up to two thousand rubles, or correctional labor for a term of one to two years, or arrest for a term of 3 to 6 months, or imprisonment for a term of up to three years old (from 14 years old)
Article 228. Illegal acquisition, storage, transportation, manufacture, processing drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues. Punished with a fine of up to 40 thousand rubles, or correctional labor for up to 2 years, or imprisonment for up to 3 years.
Class hour "Teenager and the law" (business game)
The purpose of the class hour:
To organize the knowledge of children about offenses, to acquaint them with the types of violations and punishments for them;
Develop ideas about the consequences of illegal acts;
Foster a sense of responsibility for your actions.
Equipment: books, handouts, poster on minimum wages, constitution, criminal code, administrative code.
Class hour progress:
1. Organizational moment .
– Hello! I greeted you. What does the word “hello” mean? (Wish for health and happiness) What is health for you? Happiness? (Children answer)
2. Announcement of the topic and setting the goal of the lesson:
Teacher: As you can see, I have two threads in my hands.
(the threads are riveted to the board, one straight, the other twisted and tangled)
What can these threads compare to? (with life)
And if now we can find the end of the thread, what could that mean?
(That our life is easy and smooth.)
What happens if the thread is tangled? (ends are hard to find)
And in relation to our life?
Imagine that the life of any Human is our thread, and any twist and knot can lead to dire consequences. There is such a proverb "from the bag and then do not renounce the prison"
Guys, you are entering a difficult but interesting age of 14-15 years. There are many temptations around. And you must choose the right path! Teenagers can turn on a criminal path for a variety of reasons. From the banal lack of money, upbringing and conditions, to the pursuit of easy money. However, ignorance of the law does not exempt from liability, and willful violation leads to serious consequences.
And today classroom hour - this is the beginning of acquaintance with the laws that determine our life. And we will try to figure out in the course of the game where in everyday life we \u200b\u200bexercise our rights, obligations and for what we are responsible.
3. Main part:
Long ago, thousands of years ago, people appeared on Earth.
Simultaneously with them, the main questions appeared: What can people do and what cannot?
What are they required to do and what are they not required to do?
What are they entitled to and what are they not?
There were two states: You can and You can’t. They lived according to different laws. Everything was allowed in the state: if you want to steal - steal, if you want to kill - kill, if you want to insult a person - please, everything is possible.
In the state it is impossible residents lived in a completely different way. There you couldn't kill, rob, you can't be rude to each other.
States were constantly at war with each other. And then came the day of the decisive battle. The battle was won by the state. It captured half of the state of No and established its own rules there. It's not hard to guess what started here!
In the cities and villages of the former state, they began to steal, illegally kill each other, robbers ruled the roads. Gradually, the state can decline. And then the rulers of the state can, under pressure from the people, asked the state for help. The rulers of the two states conferred for a long time and came to a decision to unite and create a new state by law. Order was established in the state, and all the inhabitants became satisfied and happy.
Why do you think the country has become prosperous, its inhabitants are happy, they feel safe?
Residents began to live according to the laws.
If people respect the rights of others, fulfill their responsibilities, then they feel safe. But when freedom of some violates the interests and rights of others, lawlessness, disorder, injustice are established in society!
In the end, people managed to solve the Main Questions, a law appeared and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was born.
LAW - legal act, containing generally binding rules of conduct for public life, adopted by the government.
Do we have a LAW in our state?
In our state, as in any other, there is a basic law by which we live. Where are these laws spelled out?
The laws are written in the Constitution - the main law of the state. (Demonstration of the book.)
In addition to the Constitution, there are: "Convention on the Rights of the Child", "Family Code", "Civil Code", " Labor Code", "Criminal Code".
Exercise 1
Chapter 2 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation defines human and civil rights and freedoms. Let's think about what rights we have ... (signs with the rights to place on the board).
Let's talk about our responsibilities ... (attach the plates with responsibilities on the board).
Select rights and responsibilities (distribute signs)
Rights
Live and be raised in a family
Obtain a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
Work in your free time
The right to health care
Duties
Obey parents and their substitutes.
Get basic general education (9 grades)
Observe the Charter of the school, the internal regulations of the educational institution.
Follow the rules of conduct established in educational institutions, at home and in public places.
A responsibility
Expulsion from school for offenses, including violations of the school charter.
Compensation for the harm caused.
Criminal liability for certain types of crime.
For the commission of socially dangerous acts, vagrancy, evasion from school, the use of alcohol, up to the direction of the commission of the PDN in special institutions.
Any violation of the law must be held accountable. Popular wisdom says "There would be no violation, there would be no need to be held accountable"
Let's consider the concept of violations:
Assignment 2
Teacher. You are given three concepts of “misconduct. Offense. A crime"
It is necessary to find definitions for these concepts.
Misconduct. Offense. A crime
Misconduct is a violation of the rules of conduct; defiant behavior.
An offense is a violation of the law for which punishment is provided for adults and adolescents from the age of sixteen.
A crime is a serious violation of the law by adults or minors who have reached the age of criminal responsibility.
Let's consider several situations:
Situation number 1 ... Fifth grader Dima does not come to school from vacation, says that he does not want to attend lessons. How can you assess Dima's behavior as a misdemeanor, offense or crime?
(Misconduct, since Dima did not commit anything illegal)
What did he violate by not attending classes at school?
(The school charter, which also sets out the rights and obligations of all participants in the educational process (school administration, students, their parents, teachers). educational institution are obliged to: study conscientiously, complete assignments on the topic of classes; do not miss classes without a good reason and do not leave them before the end, do not be late for classes; take good care of the property of the institution and, in case of damage, restore it at the expense of the parents; respect the honor and dignity of other students and school staff.
It's in the school's lobby).
What will be considered a violation of any paragraph of the school charter?
(By misconduct)
Is there any penalty for misconduct? Which one?
(Yes. The student can get disciplinary action, the principal can call the parents to the school)
Consider the following situation and also try to determine what is at stake: misconduct, offense or crime.
Situation number 2 ... Ninth graders Sasha, Vitya and Igor gathered to go to a disco on a day off. On the way, they went to a convenience store and bought a bottle of wine. In the alley near the House of Culture, the guys drank wine. How can you assess their behavior?
(this is an offense, since they drank wine in a public place on the territory of the House of Culture)
True, this is an administrative offense provided for in Article 20.20 of Part 1 of the Code administrative offenses Russian Federation - "Drinking alcoholic beverages in public places."
Imagine the following situation.
Situation number 3 ... Seventh-graders Sasha, Zhenya and Maksim were waiting for the children from elementary grades around the corner of the school, taking money from them and saying that if they told anyone, they would be in trouble. How can you classify the actions of Sasha, Zhenya and Maxim as an offense, offense or crime?
(these guys have committed a crime)
You are absolutely right. The actions of Sasha, Zhenya and Maxim are really illegal. They committed extortion - a crime under Art. 163 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
(The teacher shows the publication "The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation")
The "Criminal Code of the Russian Federation" describes all types of crimes for which criminal liability.
Age is of great importance for criminal prosecution. No child under the age of 14 can be prosecuted or convicted of a crime. The law believes that under the age of 14, a child is not yet sufficiently responsible for his actions.
Assignment 3
Let's work with the criminal code and consider what penalties are provided for by law.
game "Judge" (listen to the situation, find the article of the Criminal Code and announce the verdict)
Situation 1. " Fake call » : A student runs into the class:
– Now the bomb will explode, they called on the phone, we all run from school!
The student judge reads out: Article 207. Knowingly false information about an act of terrorism. Knowingly false reporting of an impending explosion or arson, creating a danger of death of people, is punishable by a fine of up to two hundred thousand rubles, or correctional labor for a term of one to two years, or arrest for a term of three to six months, or imprisonment for a term up to three years.
It turns out that this is not a joke at all that saves you from another control, but an article of the Criminal Code, which provides for a specific punishment!
The same can be said about false calls for firefighters (now often in the evenings the alarm is triggered at school due to the fact that someone is just having fun. But it may happen that in a real fire no one will believe the signal that sounded and this will lead to big tragedy), false calls for ambulance, police.
Situation 2. " Damage to someone else's property »:
At a break:
– Give me your phone, listen to music, or you're boring!
– I won't give it, it's new, just bought it yesterday.
– Oh, you're sorry! Well, I don't, and you won't. Throws out the phone.
A judge - a student reads out: Article 167 of the Criminal Code - intentional destruction or damage of someone else's property is punishable by a fine from 50 to 100 Minimum Wages, or by imprisonment for up to five years.
If we talk about harm, then it can be caused not only to a person, but also to his property. Art. 1064 of the Civil Code also prescribes compensation for material damage in full by the person who caused the harm. Harm can be done unintentionally (in our opinion, this is "I am not intentionally!"), But this is Art. 168 of the Criminal Code fine up to 200 Minimum Wages, or imprisonment up to two years.
Situation 3. " Chatter Threat » :
There is an argument between two students in the class:
– ... Once again, I will kill you. Do you know how many friends I have? I have only to complain to them - and you will not live.
Judge - student reads out: Article 119 of the Criminal Code - Threats of murder or infliction of grievous bodily harm is punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to two years.
Situation 4. " Desecration of buildings and vehicles » :
Boys run into the class:
– And Spartak won, but nobody knows!
– Let's write on the wall so that everyone can see it tomorrow morning!
– Cool, here people will be happy!
– Let's put a marker on the wall so you can see it better!
The judge - the student reads out: Article 214 of the Criminal Code - vandalism - desecration of buildings and structures, damage to property on public transport or in other public places - a fine from 50 to 100 Minimum Wages and compensation for damage.
Every day, entering the school, we see traces of our children's stay. Painted walls, broken doors, scribbled and scratched desks. Do the kids know that their actions fall under the article?
And since the kids are walking in companies, therefore, they are playing with companies (it's scary alone), they should know that according to Art. З5 of the Criminal Code commission of crimes by a group of persons - entails a more severe punishment.
The following types of punishments are applied to minors (Article 88):
➣ fine;
➣ deprivation of the right to engage in certain activities;
➣ compulsory work;
➣ correctional labor;
➣ arrest;
➣ imprisonment for a specified period.
4. Conclusion ... You must always remember that you must be responsible for the actions you have committed. Guys, I believe that the main reason for all violations is disrespect for the law.
Not a single person in our society can deviate from the requirements of legal norms. Otherwise, the criminal code of the Russian Federation comes into force. So let's respect, appreciate the law in our land, and then you will have no problems in your life.
5. Reflection.
Whom did today's class hour make you think?
6. Memo to the student
Dear friend, you are in the school where you still study. Look around. You are surrounded by classmates and teachers. While you are studying, we suggest following the advice of "seasoned" schoolchildren. Using your rights and freedom, you can bring something new to the development of the school.
First of all , without wasting time, find out where the main document of the school lies - the Charter, which spells out your rights and obligations as a student.
Secondly , remember everything about you and your training.
Thirdly , you are not alone at school, around you are your classmates and teachers who have the same rights and freedoms, respect them.
Fourth, school is your second home. Take care of everything that is in it: furniture, books, inventory. In addition, financial liability may be imposed on your parents for damage to school property.
Fifth , lead an active lifestyle and realize your abilities by participating in school activities, realize your rights.
At sixth, you must keep your notebooks neat, because this is your face.
Seventh If you need your help, don't hesitate - help. Next time they will help you.
Eighth , remember that you become an adult not when you start smoking and drinking alcohol, but when you can be independently responsible for your actions.
Ninth , invite your parents to school as often as possible so that they are aware of your affairs, as they are your legal representatives.
Tenth , if you have any problems, first of all, tell the educators and teachers. Together with the school administration, they will try to help you.
P.S. If you follow these tips, be sure you won't have any problems.
I want to end with the words of a speaker and a politician ancient rome who lived in 106 BC Mark Tullius Cicero
"We must be slaves of the laws to be free"
It is much better to prevent crimes than to punish them.
Catherine the Great
FAMILY, TEENAGE AND LAW
Vyatkina K.V., primary school teacher
“Children are the same, or rather, equal. They are equal before "Good and bad". At first, children are like blotting paper: they absorb everything that is written correctly or ugly by their parents. "
Family law:
Parents are responsible for children under 18 .
IN article 63 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation it is said that parents are responsible for the upbringing and development of their children. They are obliged to take care of the health of the physical, mental, spiritual and moral development of their children.
- Law is a set of rules or norms of behavior that determines relations between people, organizations, and the state.
OFFENSE
Is an antisocial act that harms society, is prohibited by law and entails punishment.
TYPES OF OFFENSES
CRIMES
Misconduct
There is no excuse for wrongdoing, even if you do it for a friend.
Mark Tullius Cicero
Misdemeanor
this is a harmless offense
TYPES OF CLEARANCE
ADMINISTRATIVE
CIVIL
DISCIPLINARY
- Travel without a ticket on a bus or train Petty hooliganism Drinking alcohol in public places Being drunk
- Travel without a ticket on a bus or train
- Petty hooliganism
- Drinking alcohol in public places
- Intoxicated appearance
- Being late for class Skipping school without good reason Violating the school charter
- Being late for class
- Missing school without good reason
- Violation of the school charter
- obscene language Making noise at night (after 23:00)
- foul language
- Making noise at night (after 23:00)
- Criminal
- Administrative
- Civil law
- Failure to fulfill or improper fulfillment by parents or other legal representatives of minors of their obligations to maintain, educate, educate, protect the rights and interests of minors.
- It shall entail a warning or the imposition of an administrative fine.
- Comes from the age of 16.
- Applies to minors and their parents, legal representatives.
Criminal liability begins from the age of 14 for:
Murder
Intentional infliction of grievous, medium harm to health
Kidnapping
Rape
Theft, robbery, extortion
Intentional destruction or damage to someone else's property
Unlawful seizure of a vehicle without the purpose of theft
Aggravated bullying
Terrorism
Knowingly false reporting of an act of terrorism
Theft or extortion of weapons, ammunition
Theft or extortion of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances
Destruction vehicle or communication routes
The crime is followed by punishment.
Horace
A CRIME
this is a guilty socially dangerous act prohibited by the Criminal Code under threat of punishment.
- Hooliganism is a gross violation of public order, expressing clear disrespect for society, committed with the use of weapons or objects used as weapons
- An aggravating circumstance is the commission of hooliganism by a group of persons by prior conspiracy or by an organized group, or associated with resistance to a representative of the authorities or another person performing the duties of maintaining public order or suppressing a violation of public order
- Shall be punishable by up to seven years in prison.
- Petty hooliganism, that is, a violation of public order, expressing clear disrespect for society, accompanied by obscene language in public places, insulting harassment of citizens, as well as the destruction or damage of other people's property.
- It shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine or administrative arrest for up to fifteen days.
- The same actions associated with disobedience to the lawful demand of a representative of the authorities or another person performing the duties of protecting public order or suppressing violation of public order.
- They shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine or administrative arrest for up to fifteen days.
- 1. Drinking beer and beverages made on its basis, as well as alcoholic and alcohol-containing products with an ethyl alcohol content of less than 12 percent of the volume of finished products in children's, educational and medical organizations, on all types of public transport (public transport) of urban and suburban communication, in cultural organizations, health and fitness and sports facilities.
- It shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine.
- Appearance on streets, stadiums, squares, parks, in a public vehicle, in other public places in a state of intoxication, offending human dignity and public morality.
- It shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine or administrative arrest for up to fifteen days.
- It is a crime to intentionally destroy or damage someone else's property, if these actions have caused significant damage.
- An aggravating circumstance is the destruction or damage of someone else's property out of hooligan motives, by arson, explosion or in any other generally dangerous way, or by negligence, entailed the death of a person or other grave consequences.
- Punished with imprisonment for up to five years.
- Vandalism is the desecration of buildings or other structures, damage to property on public transport or in other public places.
- Aggravating circumstances are those committed the same acts by a group of persons, as well as for reasons of political, ideological, racial, national or religious hatred or enmity, or for reasons of hatred or enmity in relation to any social group, -
- Punished with restraint of liberty for up to three years or imprisonment for up to three years.
- Actions aimed at inciting hatred or enmity, as well as humiliating the dignity of a person or a group of persons on the basis of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, attitude to religion, as well as belonging to any social group, committed in public or using means mass media.
- The same acts committed: with the use of violence or with the threat of its use; organized group.
- Punished with a fine, or correctional labor for a term of one to two years, or imprisonment for a term of up to five years.
Only the weak commit crimes: the strong and happy have no use for them.
Ministry of Education of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Ministry of Education of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Mirninskoye Regional Office of Education MAOU "Secondary School No. 8 with in-depth study of the technological profile" "Those who decide to study all the laws will have no time to break them." TEENS AND THE LAW Research problems:
- Research of the level of legal self-awareness of school students
- Determination of forms and methods that contribute to improving the legal literacy of students
- Analysis of the study of the level of legal self-awareness of students
- Based on the data obtained, the development and implementation of the program legal education students as an element of the educational system of the school
- Tracking program performance
- Consider the concepts - right, law, rights and obligations, offense, crime, responsibility, duty, honor, dignity, personality, legal norms;
- Select diagnostic material on the topic;
- Conduct a survey of students;
- Process materials for diagnostic studies;
- Develop a program for the legal education of school students.
- School students.
- The influence of the system of educational work of the school on the formation of a law-abiding personality;
- The possibilities of school education in solving the problems of social adaptation of students;
- Development of the student's personality and preparation for self-realization in life based on value orientations, such as legal identity, civic maturity
- When creating a legal education program, we form a system purposeful improvement of the legal culture of students.
- Method of preliminary analysis literature on the topic
- Method of organizing and conducting research (survey, questioning, observation)
- Method of analysis and generalization of the obtained data. The significance of the research results lies in the fact that the program we created is being implemented in the educational process "MAOU SOSH No. 8 with UITP"
- The significance of the research results lies in the fact that the program we have created will be implemented in the educational process of the MAOU "Secondary School No. 8 with in-depth study of the technological profile"
Registered
(diagram No. 1)
Summary table of the results of the survey (table No. 3)|
Reaction of adolescents to delinquency |
|
|
I will remain indifferent |
|
|
I will contact law enforcement |
|
|
I will call for help |
|
|
I will ask my parents for help |
|
|
Reasons for the implementation of laws |
|
|
It is not accepted to break |
|
|
Fear of punishment |
|
|
Fear of public judgment |
|
|
I am at a loss to answer |
|
|
When to obey the laws |
|
|
Under any circumstances |
|
|
Corresponds to personal belief |
|
|
When can they be punished |
- Creation of a system of legal education based on the unity of the activities of schools and various structures
- Increasing the social security of schoolchildren, preventing offenses
- Intensification of activities within the framework of the implementation of the created program of legal education at the school "WE and the LAW".
- Reducing the growth of offenses and crimes committed by school students
Features: legal status minors. Minors require special protection measures, since they cannot defend their interests on their own and do not have full civil legal capacity. Legal capacity is the ability of a citizen to acquire and exercise civil rights, create and fulfill civic obligations for themselves. The rights of minors are enshrined in the Civil, Family and Housing Codes, the Federal Law "On Guardianship and Guardianship", which establishes the rules for disposing of wards' property and the procedure for the activities of guardianship and guardianship authorities. Parents or their legal representatives are responsible for minors. Article 28. Civil Code The RF provides for the legal capacity of adolescents under the age of 14 years. Only legal representatives can make transactions for these persons.
Upon reaching the age of 14, a citizen has the right to: Independently dispose of his earnings, scholarships, and other income; To exercise the rights of authors of a work of science, literature or art or other result of their intellectual activity; Make deposits with credit institutions and manage them. Real estate transactions between the ages of 14 and 18 are made with the written consent of their legal representatives. If a minor enters into marriage, he acquires full legal capacity from the time of marriage. Minors are persons who have turned 14 years old, but not 18 years old. Persons who have reached 16 years of age by the time the crime was committed are subject to criminal liability.
Persons who have reached 14 years of age by the time the crime was committed are subject to criminal liability for: Murder (Article 105) Intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm (Article 111) and moderate (Article 112) Kidnapping (Article 126) Rape (Article 131), violent acts of a sexual nature (Article 132) Theft (Article 158), robbery (Article 161), robbery (Article 162), extortion (Article 163) Taking possession of a car or other vehicle without the purpose of theft (Article 166) Intentional destruction or damage to property (Article 167 h 2) Terrorism (Art 205), hostage taking (Art 206), false reporting of an act of terrorism (Art 207) Aggravated hooliganism (Art 213 h 2), vandalism (Art 214) Theft or extortion of weapons, ammunition, explosives Substances (Article 226) Theft or extortion of narcotic substances or psychotropic things (Article 229) Disabling vehicles or communication lines (Article 267).
Persons under the age of 16 are not subject to criminal liability for crimes not included in the above list! Minors cannot be the subjects of certain crimes: Crimes where they are victims, for example, the involvement of adolescents in the commission of a crime (Article 150 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) Failure to fulfill the duties of raising a minor (Article 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) Involvement of adolescents in the commission of antisocial acts Crimes where the subjects may be persons over 18 years old (deputies of the State Duma - 21 years old, judges and prosecutors - 25 years old, etc.).
Increased criminal liability for crimes against minors: Federal law "On Amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation" adopted by Os. Duma on July 15, 2009. And approved by the Federation Council on July 18, 2009, it provides for a significant increase in punishment for committing juveniles of such crimes as murder, deliberate infliction of grave and moderate harm to health, rape, sexual assault, failure to fulfill the duties of raising a minor, illegal production, sale or the transfer of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues, inducement to the consumption of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, the production and circulation of materials or objects with pornographic content, as well as other actions of a sexual nature. Persons who have committed such crimes cannot justify themselves by not knowing that their victims are minors
A minor has the right: To live and be raised in a family, to know who his parents are, to live together, except in cases when this is contrary to his interests and to their care, to be raised by parents, and in their absence or deprivation of parental rights - to upbringing by a guardian, curator or childcare institution, to ensure his interests by parents (Article 54 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). For all-round development, respect for human dignity (Article 54 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). To protect their rights and legitimate interests, to protect abuses by parents or persons substituting them (Article 56 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). To express his own opinion when solving any issue in the family that affects his interests, to take into account the opinion of the child upon reaching the age of 10 (Article 57 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). To receive a full name (Article 58 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). To receive support from their parents and other family members (Article 60 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). Ownership of income received by him, property received as a gift or by inheritance (Article 60 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). Dispose of your property (Article 60 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation).
A minor has the following responsibilities: Receive basic general education (before reaching the age of 15) (Article 19 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education") Persons under the age of 18 cannot acquire, store, collect and carry weapons, including self-defense weapons ( gas pistols, azrosols, etc.), a complete ban on the manufacture, storage and wearing of knuckle dusters, boomerangs, edged weapons with ejected blades.The responsibilities of students in the educational process are determined by the Charter and other local acts of educational institutions.
Responsibility of a minor: They bear criminal, administrative and other responsibility Criminal - for crimes of a socially dangerous act prohibited by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation under threat of punishment. By the time of reaching the age of 14, for some types of crimes: murder, causing serious and medium harm to health, kidnapping, rape or violent sexual acts, all types of theft, vandalism, extortion, vehicle theft, distribution or theft of narcotic and psychotropic drugs, intentional destruction or damage to property. For all other types of crimes, criminal responsibility begins from the age of 16.
Administrative liability: Provided by the Code of Administrative Offenses, for committing an administrative offense. Comes from the age of 16. If such an offense was committed by a teenager under 16, then a fine is imposed on his parents, guardians, trustees. Administrative penalties: warning, fine, confiscation of an object that was an instrument or object of violation.
The law of the Tver region "On the prevention of juvenile delinquency ..." prohibits: The presence of children under 18 years of age in places intended for the sale of sexual goods, beer restaurants and bars, wine bars, wine bars and others intended for the sale of alcoholic beverages, as well as the same gambling establishments. It is not allowed for persons under 16 years old to be unaccompanied by their parents or persons replacing them at night (from 23 to 6 hours) on the streets, stadiums, parks, squares, railway stations, airports, reservoirs, public places in residential buildings, adjoining and school grounds, playgrounds, sports facilities, entertainment and leisure facilities.
Other liability of minors: For harm caused by minors under the age of 14, their parents or persons replacing them bear. 0t 14 to 18 years old financial responsibility are borne by the adolescents themselves For property damage under 16 years of age, liability in the form of a fine may be imposed on the parents or persons substituting them. Attraction to legal responsibility under the age of 16 is possible for: petty hooliganism, petty theft of other people's property, violation of the rules road traffic, the procedure for handling weapons, violation of the rules of the border regime, the acquisition, storage or sale of drugs or psychotropic substances, cruelty to animals, damage to public transport vehicles, pay phones, drinking alcohol and being drunk in public places.
KDN can apply the following measures of influence: Obligate to bring a public apology to the victim Issue a warning Rebuke or severe reprimand Impose on the person who has reached 15 years of age the obligation to compensate for material damage not exceeding ½ the minimum wage Transfer the teenager under the supervision of parents or their substitutes, under supervision labor collective or public organizations Send to a special medical and educational institution (except for patients with drug addiction) or a special vocational school.
Rights of the victim of a minor: A summons for interrogation under 16 years old is made through his parents or legal representatives, for participation in interrogation up to 14 years old, a teacher is obligatory called, and, if necessary, the legal representatives of the victim. To obtain testimony from a minor, it is necessary to create special conditions and involve psychologists. A minor victim has the right to a lawyer, ensuring confidentiality at all stages of the case. The use of physical force, including forced drive, is unacceptable at all stages of the case. The necessary defense is permissible against any socially dangerous acts that threaten the state or public interests, or the rights and legitimate interests of both the defender himself and any other person. Defense is permissible only against an actual attack, not against an apparent one. A state of necessary defense is not recognized if the person deliberately provoked the attack and, under the guise of necessary defense, wants to harm the attacker.
Types of pressure on teenagers: Pressure from friends. Pressure exerted by "teasers" and nicknames Heavy pressure ("You're afraid, coward!") Indirect, tempting ("Sasha invites you to a party, most will smoke weed") Confidence helps a person to defend their rights, get out of conflict situations, resist pressure, maintain your individuality and say "No!"
Avoiding risks: Do not bring money, cell phones or other valuables to school Do not go to places where gang members may congregate Do not wear clothes like gang members Do not express yourself like a gang member Know how to recognize and resist pressure
Safety in groups: Communicate with friends who do not belong to such groups Use friendships Avoid walking alone Get home on time Remember that under the influence of alcohol or drugs, you can commit illegal actions that can be used against you by members of groups Join positive activities: circles, sections, creative teams If there is a danger of violence from other people, seek help from people you trust: parents, friends, teachers, school psychologist, police officer.
